ABSTRACT
This paper endeavors to illustrate the past, present, and future of language testing and assessment in applied linguistics through an interview with Associate Professor Dr. Hossein Farhady, who has been working on assessment and language testing both inside and outside Iran more than forty years. In this interview paper, Farhady replied to inquiries regarding language assessment and its effect on teaching, the challenges he had faced in assessment in Iran, his attitude towards online assessment during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the future of language assessment in English as a foreign language (EFL) and English as a second language (ESL) circles. In the end, he provided some pedagogical suggestions for EFL/ESL teachers and researchers about language assessment. © 2022 Asociacion Mexicana de Maestros de Ingles MEXTESOL A.C. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The Novel coronavirus, sars-cov-2, is responsible for the recent pandemic. Although it mostly affects adults, children of all ages, including neonates, can become ill with Covid-19, as well. The real prevalence rate of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children is unknown. However, the severity of symptoms in children and neonates is less than in adults. Regarding the new presentation of this disease, the current study has reported a case series of COVID-19 in neonates. Case Presentation: In this article, 10 neonates with COVID- 19 admitted to our neonatal intensive care units are reported. All reported neonates had general suspicious symptoms of COVID- 19 with positive results for SARS-CoV-2 assessed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from the nasopharynx area or nose of the patients. All neonates, except for two of them, were term neonates. One case had open-heart surgery for congenital heart disease (transposition of the great arteries (TGA)). The mean patients age was 7.8 days on admission. The most frequent symptom was fever. Severe respiratory symptoms were reported in two cases. Also, abnormal radiologic findings in the chest x-ray were detected in two cases. Regarding the lack of significant respiratory symptoms in most of the patients, the lung computed tomography (CT) scan was taken just from one neonate. Leukopenia (WBC < 5000/mm(3)) was detected in one case, with no lymphopenia in all neonates. The positive C-reactive protein test was not found in all cases. No patient was treated by special anti-viral agents for COVID-19, and usual antibiotic treatment for neonatal sepsis was administered for all cases. All patients, except for one, survived with no significant sequela of the disease. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that clinical manifestations, as well as laboratory and radiologic findings of COVID-19, are milder in neonates than in the older ages. Hence, it can be argued that the prognosis of COVID-19 in the neonatal period is generally good.